• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Device for supplying at least one pulverulent substance, particularly for forming presses of ceramic pieces, with means of progressive discharge or supply of the pulverulent substance to the sockets of the lower female mold (19), comprising a frame (1) or frame external perimetral support of one or several receptacles (2) which have an upper mouth (4) of substantially rectangular area, a lower mouth (5) whose surface is smaller than that of the mouth (4), a trunk-pyramidal shape inverted, and a height greater than the thickness or height of the frame (1). Said receptacle (2) or receptacles can be removable and horizontally displaceable to be placed in different positions inside the frame (1), which incorporates sliding plates (6) movable and fixable in different positions for this purpose. And procedure for the operation of said device in a press for shaping ceramic pieces. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2718257A1
    申请号:ES201731492
    申请日:2017-12-28
    公开日:2019-06-28
    发明作者:Mora Agustín Poyatos
    申请人:Macer SL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] PULVERULENT, PARTICULARLY FOR CONFORMATION PRESSES
    [0002]
    [0003]
    [0004]
    [0005] The present invention falls within the technical field of devices for the supply and distribution of powdery substances for the manufacture of flat ceramic articles such as cladding tiles and paving tiles that require forming in presses of the raw material that composes them.
    [0006]
    [0007]
    [0008]
    [0009] In the manufacture of flat ceramic articles, such as tiles, slabs and tiles, it is usual to use forming presses comprising a lower bench and an upper press traverse, penetrating molds composed of two semi-molds, a top male provided with a plurality of upper compaction punches, and another lower female with an array of housings or alveoli, also provided with a plurality of lower compaction punches, in which a raw or semi-processed powdery substance such as earth or clay is arranged, to from which they are formed, by the pressing action of the punches, compacted pieces of a material called sponge cake from that moment, which is subsequently subjected to further treatments, such as for example enamelling, decoration and cooking to obtain the flat ceramic articles corresponding finishes.
    [0010]
    [0011] For the realization of the compacted pieces, a more homogeneous load of the powdery substance is required in the cavities of the matrix in order to obtain a pressed body with a density with the lowest possible variations, since this then affects the quality of the article Ceramic corresponding finish. In industrial practice it is very difficult to achieve a completely homogeneous load in all the alveoli of the female mold matrix.
    [0012]
    [0013] At a stage prior to compaction and molding, the pulverulent substance is stored externally and must be supplied and distributed evenly over the matrix provided with housings or alveoli receiving the female press molds.
    [0014]
    [0015] For this purpose, a filling hopper of the powder supply and distribution device is usually used, which comprises at least one mobile carriage or conveyor provided with a supporting frame and various crossbars or projections to serve as support and move on the mold matrix what is usually called a grill (because of its similarity with said utensil), and various elements that are used in the process of manufacturing and obtaining the cake, such as and additionally, one or more scrapers, combs or blades that serve as elements of excess drag of powdery substance that may remain on the surface of the female mold, and / or a pusher that in a previous position with respect to the grill with respect to a direction of advance horizontally moves by pushing a previously shaped sponge cake, outside the area of the alveoli in which it has been pressed, leaving the latter free to receive a new load of powdery substance.
    [0016]
    [0017] The mentioned grill consists essentially of a perimeter frame in whose internal area a grid of various shapes (parallel linear, reticles ...) is disposed substantially with the same or less height or thickness than that of said perimeter frame. This grill is incorporated into the mobile carriage or conveyor superiorly and by means of various fitting or connection means, generally by means of clamps or claws with an inverted "U" shape, so that the grill is held by gravity and removably fixed to the frame bearing
    [0018]
    [0019] In a first stage of manufacturing, the grill and the conveyor carriage are positioned horizontally and superiorly in an area immediately prior to the location of the first of the alveoli of the female mold matrix, and in said position the externally stored powdered substance is deposited and loaded on the grill; the lower part of the grill is completely supported and flush with the upper surface of the female mold matrix, having a finished or generally flat bottom or preferably in the form of an inverted "L", called scrapers among others denominations, of a resistant and suitable material to withstand abrasion and friction inevitably derived from friction and sliding between surfaces in direct contact.
    [0020] In a second stage, the transport carriage begins its displacement and horizontal advance in a direction towards and on the location of all the alveoli of the female mold matrix, such that it positions the grill completely on said alveoli, whose compaction punch Lower is in an elevated position and flush with the surface of the female mold matrix. Once this position has been reached by the grill and its loading of pulverulent substance, the lower compaction punch descends allowing the powdery substance to enter the corresponding alveoli by gravity.
    [0021]
    [0022] In a third stage, and when the load is supplied to the cells, the transport carriage starts a horizontal backward movement to its initial position, during which there is a withdrawal by dragging of the excess of pulverulent substance deposited in the previous phase on the cells and protruding from its upper edge.
    [0023]
    [0024] This stage ends with the arrival of the transport carriage and the grill to the initial starting position in the first stage.
    [0025]
    [0026] The supply and distribution of the powdery substance is carried out by dragging the mobile carriage or conveyor that moves the loaded grill to the mold matrix and the mere action of gravity on said substance that is deposited in a single phase and in a manner joint over the entire surface of all the alveoli, and a subsequent movement of dragging and sweeping of the mobile car on the die matrix.
    [0027]
    [0028] This determines that the charge such as the distribution of the pulverulent substance over the whole alveolus is of an irregular density and homogeneity, since at present it presents irregularities in the same alveolus, as a result of the different quantity and density of the pulverulent substance in a given point differs from that of another point, depending on the quantity and density of substance that in the previous process of loading the grill from the external storage and in the first stage has been arranged on said grill, and the fact that the transfer to the socket occurs in block and unit of time on all the cells and on its entire surface.
    [0029] The object of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the state of the art detailed above, by means of a device for supplying at least one powdery substance, particularly for forming presses of ceramic pieces, which dispenses with the conventional grid and replaces it with means which enable a progressive supply and gradual distribution of the powdery substance by a continuous curtain flow in the alveoli during the entire second stage referred to above and with the additional difference that instead of what is referred to with the conventional procedure in said second stage, as to the invention, the lower compaction punches are in a resting position from the beginning of the second stage, leaving the alveoli exposed to receive the powdery substance conforming and since the conveyor carriage and the device object of the invention initiate the advance in the second stage, and throughout the d phase horizontal offset of it.
    [0030]
    [0031] With all this, a practical advantage is obtained derived from said progressive, gradual and successive loading of the cavity of the alveoli, which produces a greater homogeneity of the density of the pulverulent substance that is deposited therein in a more uniform and controlled way, with a better result of the subsequent compaction to which said substance will be subjected.
    [0032]
    [0033]
    [0034]
    [0035] Aspects and embodiments of the invention are described below on the basis of schematic drawings, in which
    [0036]
    [0037] Figure 1 is a top perspective view of the device object of the invention;
    [0038] Figure 2 is a top plan view and side elevations of the device object of the invention;
    [0039] Figure 3 is a top perspective view of the progressive discharge means comprising the device object of the invention and an explosion of some parts thereof;
    [0040] Figure 4 is a top perspective view of the external support frame or perimeter frame of the device object of the invention, of various elements that it comprises, and an explosion of some parts thereof;
    [0041] Figure 5 is a top perspective view of the device object of the invention and of a pusher comprising in one of its embodiments in a position prior thereto with respect to a direction of advance (A);
    [0042] Figure 6 is a schematic section in side elevation of a press for forming ceramic pieces in which the device object of the invention is positioned in the first manufacturing stage;
    [0043]
    [0044] In these figures references appear that identify the following elements:
    [0045]
    [0046] A sense of progress
    [0047] 1 rack
    [0048] 2 receptacle
    [0049] 3 longitudinal linear strips
    [0050] 4 upper receptacle mouth
    [0051] 5 bottom mouth of the receptacle
    [0052] 6 hitch plates for receptacle
    [0053] 7 outer ribs of the receptacle
    [0054] 8 means for locking and unlocking the coupling plates 9 pusher
    [0055] 10 scrapers
    [0056] 11 longitudinal linear scraper inside the frame
    [0057] 12 plate
    [0058] 13 closure or cover elements
    [0059] 14 grooves in the upper mouth of the receptacle
    [0060] 15 interlocking internment of the strips
    [0061] 16 claws or clamps
    [0062] 17 device filling hopper
    [0063] 18 upper male mold
    [0064] 19 lower female mold
    [0065] 20 press bench
    [0066] 21 press traverse
    [0067] 22 socket
    [0068] 23 longitudinal linear element of the free end of the pusher
    [0069]
    [0070] The device object of the invention is intended to be used in forming presses of ceramic pieces comprising at least one mobile carriage or conveyor provided with a supporting frame and various crossbars or projections to serve as support and move on the matrix of the lower female mold ( 19) the device itself object of the present invention and other additional elements. The device for supplying at least one powdery substance, particularly presses for forming ceramic pieces, the embodiment of which is shown in Figure 1, comprises a frame (1) or external perimeter frame that serves as a support inside to different elements, which are used in the process of manufacturing and obtaining the cake, as for example and additionally, one or more scrapers, combs or blades that serve as dragging elements of powdery substance that may remain on the surface of the lower female mold (19), and / or a pusher that in previous position with respect to the grid with respect to a direction of advance (A) of the device during its operation in the forming press.
    [0071]
    [0072] Inside said frame (1) there are, among others, progressive discharge means of at least one powdery substance, configured in one or more receptacles (2), four in the embodiment shown in Figure 1, which they have an upper mouth (4) of substantially rectangular area, a lower mouth (5) whose surface is smaller than that of the mouth (4), an inverted trunk-pyramidal shape, and a height greater than the thickness or height of the frame ( one). Said receptacle (2) or receptacles can be removable according to the embodiment shown in the figures. To do this, the receptacle has connection means such as external ribs on its lower outer part, in correspondence with grooves in some coupling plates (6) arranged inside the frame (1). Said coupling plates (6) in turn can have means for locking and unlocking their position and are horizontally movable on the inside of the frame (1) in order to be able to place the receptacle (2) in different positions and enable for example , the use and parallel adjustment of several receptacles with different sizes of mouth (4).
    [0073]
    [0074] The frame (1) comprises coupling means to an external conveyor element that displaces the device object of the invention in the forming press, which can be configured as shown in figures 1 and 2 in the form of claws or clamps in the form of "U" inverted in various locations of said exterior of said frame (1). Also, and according to the embodiment shown in Figure 4, the frame (1) internally comprises hitch plates (6) for the receptacle (2), additional fastening means for scraper elements (11) arranged inside the frame ( 1) and in position subsequent to the receptacle or receptacles in a forward direction (A), to reinforce the sweeping and elimination of excess powdery substance during the operation procedure of the device in the forming press, as well as upper closure or cover elements (13) intended to prevent unwanted or accidental entry of powdered substance into certain areas of the device object of the invention.
    [0075]
    [0076] The device object of the invention, whose embodiment is shown in Figure 3, can comprise one or several longitudinal strips (3) in the mouth (4) of the receptacle (2), which are removably fixed in respective grooves (14) made in the upper ends of the mouth (4), and contribute to a better distribution of the powdery substance inside the receptacle (2). In turn, said strips (3) can be immobilized with each other by means of a through element (15) that interconnects them and immobilizes them in the body of the receptacle by means of threaded fasteners that fix the through element (15) on the outside of the sides of the mouth (4) of the receptacle (2), in order to avoid accidentally exiting the strips (3) from the grooves (14) and also keeping them equidistant from each other in their central area, for which the passing element to its instead, it can incorporate intermediate separating elements of greater section or diameter than the through holes, in such a way that they keep the strips (3) in the same position relative to each other despite the forces that may affect them during the procedure of operation of the device in the forming press.
    [0077]
    [0078] The device object of the invention according to the embodiment shown in Figure 3, incorporates in the lower mouth (5) of the receptacle (2) scraper perimeter elements (10), some or all of which have a section in the form of " L "inverted or" V "; they comprise a material capable of withstanding friction and fulfill a purpose of adjustment and perimeter closure of said mouth (5) with the surface of the lower female mold (19); said scrapers (10) comprise a plate (12) preferably removable to facilitate wear replacement, to which said material suitable for supporting is fixed a friction, said material including for example polymers.
    [0079]
    [0080] In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 5, the device object of the invention comprises a pusher element (9) of depth equal to or greater than that of the frame (1), located outside said frame (1) and in an anterior position with regarding a sense of progress (A). Said pusher (9) has at least one longitudinal linear element (23) frontally at its free end whose purpose is to successively move the compacted pieces or cake already formed out of the forming press, once each third stage of operation of the object device ends of the invention in the forming press, for which once said third stage is finished, the lower compaction punches rise to expose said compacted pieces or sponge cake to the advance of the device during an initial phase of the second stage, and then descend for the phase of supply and distribution of powdery substance to the alveoli (22) that takes place during said second stage in a progressive manner as the device advances on each part of the cavity of the alveoli (22).
    [0081]
    [0082] Finally, the device object of the invention whose embodiment is shown in Figure 6 is fed from a filling hopper (17) that pours on it from an external storage at least one powdery substance, and once loaded on the device this begins its advance in a forming press comprising a lower bench (20) and a upper press (21), penetrating molds consisting of two semi-molds, an upper male (18) provided with a plurality of upper compaction punches , and another lower female (19) with an array of housings or alveoli (22), also provided with a plurality of lower compaction punches, in which the device object of the invention supplies and distributes at least one powdery substance, from of which they are formed, by the subsequent pressing action of the punches, compacted pieces of the material called biscuit that is subsequently subjected to treatments c such as enamelling, decoration and cooking to obtain finished ceramic articles.
    [0083]
    [0084] In accordance with the foregoing, the present invention overcomes the drawbacks of the state of the art referred to above and provides an evolutionary alternative by means of an improved device.
    权利要求:
    Claims (32)
    [1]
    1. Device for supplying at least one powdery substance, particularly for forming presses of ceramic pieces, of the type comprising at least one frame (1) or an external perimeter support frame characterized in that it comprises means for progressive discharge of at least a powdery substance.
    [2]
    Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for progressive discharge of at least one powdery substance comprise at least one receptacle element (2) with an upper mouth (4) and a lower mouth (5).
    [3]
    Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper mouth (4) and the lower mouth (5) of the receptacle (2) have a substantially rectangular area.
    [4]
    Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the receptacle (2) has a height that is greater than the thickness or height of the frame (1).
    [5]
    Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the height of the receptacle (2) is equal to or greater than twice the thickness or height of the frame (1).
    [6]
    Device according to claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the height of the receptacle (2) is between 40 and 150mm.
    [7]
    Device according to claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the mouth (4) of the receptacle (2) has a surface greater than the mouth (5).
    [8]
    Device according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the receptacle (2) has a substantially inverted trunk-pyramidal shape.
    [9]
    9. Device according to any of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the receptacle (2) is removable and immobilizable inside the frame (1) or external perimeter support frame.
    [10]
    Device according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the mouth of the receptacle (2) comprises one or more longitudinal linear strips (3).
    [11]
    Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the strip or strips (3) are removable and immobilizable in the mouth (4) of the receptacle (2).
    [12]
    12. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the removable strip (3) is fixed by corresponding grooves (14) at the ends of the mouth (4) of the receptacle (2).
    [13]
    Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the removable strip or strips (3) are immobilized by means of a through element (15) that connects said strip or strips with the sides of the mouth (4) of the receptacle (2).
    [14]
    14. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the internal part of the frame (1) or external perimeter support frame are arranged a coupler plates (6) for the receptacle (2).
    [15]
    15. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the coupling plates (6) for the receptacle (2) have grooves in correspondence with ribs (7) on the outside of the receptacle (2).
    [16]
    16. Device according to claims 14 or 15, characterized in that the coupling plates (6) for the receptacle (2) are horizontally movable and comprise locking and unlocking means (8) for fixing at any point of the horizontal plane in which They move.
    [17]
    17. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower mouth (5) of the receptacle (2) incorporates one or more scraper perimetral elements (10) inferiorly comprising a material capable of supporting friction.
    [18]
    18. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that at least one scraper perimeter element (10) comprises a plate (12).
    [19]
    19. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the material capable of supporting a friction is fixedly fixed to the plate (12).
    [20]
    20. Device according to the preceding claims 17 to 19, characterized in that at least one material comprising the scraper perimeter element or elements (10) is a polymer.
    [21]
    21. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the scraper perimeter element or elements (10) are removable.
    [22]
    22. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the scraper perimeter element (10) comprises holes corresponding to other holes comprised in the lower opening (5) of the receptacle (2) for interconnection and fixing by means of through elements, particularly screws or rivets
    [23]
    23. Device according to the preceding claims 17 to 23, characterized in that at least one of the scraper perimeter elements (10) has an inverted "L" shaped section.
    [24]
    24. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a pusher element (9) of depth equal to or greater than that of the device assembly, located outside the frame (1) and in an anterior position with respect to one direction of advance (A), which has a longitudinal linear element (23) frontally at its free end.
    [25]
    25. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that in addition to the receptacle (2) it comprises at least one longitudinal linear scraper element (11) located inside the frame (1) in a position subsequent to the receptacle (2) with respect to to a sense of advance (A).
    [26]
    26. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the scraper (11) is removable and immobilizable inside the frame (1).
    [27]
    27. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frame (1) externally comprises at least one claw or clamp (16) In the form of an inverted "U" for the coupling of the device to the conveyor of the press for forming ceramic pieces.
    [28]
    Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least a part of the interior area of the frame (1) comprises one or more closing elements or cover (13).
    [29]
    29. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the closing element or elements (13) is removable.
    [30]
    30. Device according to previous claims 28 or 29, characterized in that the closing element or elements (13) comprises one or several plates.
    [31]
    Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the plate or plates of the closing element or cover (13) has an "L" shaped section.
    [32]
    32. Method for the operation of a device according to any one of the preceding claims in a ceramic forming press, comprising a first stage in which a conveyor car is positioned horizontally and superiorly in an area immediately prior to the location of the first of the alveoli of the matrix of the female mold, and in said position an externally stored powdery substance is deposited and loaded onto the delivery and distribution device of the powdery substance; in a second stage the conveyor car starts its displacement and horizontal advance towards and on the location of the alveoli of the female mold matrix, in such a way that it gradually and successively positions the device for supplying the powder substance on different parts of said alveoli. , and a third stage, in which the transport carriage initiates a horizontal backward movement to its initial position, during which there is a withdrawal by dragging of the excess of pulverulent substance deposited in the previous phase on the alveoli and protruding from its upper edge; said stage ends with the arrival of the conveyor carriage and the device for supplying and distributing the pulverulent substance to the initial exit position in the first stage, characterized in that the punch or lower compaction punches of the press are in a position at least lowered from the phase of the second stage immediately prior to the first overlap of the mouth (5) of the receptacle (2) or receptacles on it or
    one
    the alveoli (22), in such a way that the entry and distribution of the pulverulent substance occurs in the corresponding alveoli (22) progressively, gradually and successively due to the combined effect of gravity and the horizontal displacement of the supply device, and a supply of said pulverulent substance by a constant curtain flow.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2019129906A1|2019-07-04|
    EP3733369A1|2020-11-04|
    ES2718257B2|2020-11-27|
    EP3733369A4|2021-10-06|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE3147687A1|1981-12-02|1983-06-16|Laeis-Werke Ag, 5500 Trier|Process and apparatus for producing multilayered compacts|
    EP1323510A1|2001-12-20|2003-07-02|L.B. Officine Meccaniche S.p.A.|Ceramic double-loading carriage|
    EP2173542A1|2007-07-05|2010-04-14|Langenstein & Schemann Gmbh|Filling device for filling moulds with pourable moulding material|
    ES1186083U|2017-06-01|2017-06-26|Macer, S.L.|Device of supply and distribution of pulverulent substances for presses of conformation of ceramic pieces |
    DE2730881C2|1977-07-08|1982-10-14|Brohltal-Deumag AG für feuerfeste Erzeugnisse, 5401 Urmitz|Filling device for stone presses or the like. For filling molding compound|
    IT1238782B|1990-05-11|1993-09-03|Gmv Impianti|A feeding and distribution system with duplicate layers of granulated material specifically with ceramics|
    JP3529650B2|1999-01-13|2004-05-24|玉川窯業株式会社|Two-layer tile forming equipment|
    法律状态:
    2019-06-28| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2718257 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20190628 |
    2020-02-13| FC2A| Grant refused|Effective date: 20200207 |
    2020-08-21| FC2A| Grant refused|Effective date: 20200817 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201731492A|ES2718257B2|2017-12-28|2017-12-28|Device for supplying at least one powdery substance, particularly for presses for forming ceramic pieces|ES201731492A| ES2718257B2|2017-12-28|2017-12-28|Device for supplying at least one powdery substance, particularly for presses for forming ceramic pieces|
    EP18897198.0A| EP3733369A4|2017-12-28|2018-12-18|Device for supplying at least one powdery substance, in particular for presses for forming ceramic parts|
    PCT/ES2018/070813| WO2019129906A1|2017-12-28|2018-12-18|Device for supplying at least one powdery substance, in particular for presses for forming ceramic parts|
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